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Bonnesen's inequality : ウィキペディア英語版
Bonnesen's inequality
Bonnesen's inequality is an inequality relating the length, the area, the radius of the incircle and the radius of the circumcircle of a Jordan curve. It is a strengthening of the classical isoperimetric inequality.
More precisely, consider a planar simple closed curve of length L bounding a domain of area A. Let r and R denote the radii of the incircle and the circumcircle. Bonnesen proved the inequality
: \pi^2 (R-r)^2 \leq L^2-4\pi A. \,
The term \pi^2 (R-r)^2 in the left hand side is known as the isoperimetric defect.
Loewner's torus inequality with isosystolic defect is a systolic analogue of Bonnesen's inequality.
==References==

* Bonnesen, T.: "Sur une amélioration de l'inégalité isopérimetrique du cercle et la démonstration d'une inégalité de Minkowski," ''C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris'' 172 (1921), 1087–1089.
* Yu. D. Burago and V. A. Zalgaller, ''Geometric inequalities''. Translated from the Russian by A. B. Sosinskiĭ. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1988. ISBN 3-540-13615-0.

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